Chlamydia:
- Affects both men and women.
- Women can be affected in the cervix, throat, or rectum; men in the urethra, rectum, or throat.
- Contracted through oral, vaginal, or anal sex; can be passed from mother to child during childbirth.
- Often asymptomatic, leading to potential long-term undetected infection.
- Symptoms in women: smelly vaginal discharge, burning while urinating, painful intercourse.
- Symptoms in men: penile discharge, pain during urination, itching near the penis, testicular pain/itching.
Gonorrhea:
- Similar to chlamydia, can affect various areas in men and women.
- Transmission through sexual contact or childbirth.
- Many cases lack symptoms; symptoms include increased genital/vaginal discharge, painful urination, testicular/vaginal pain, bleeding between periods, pelvic pain.
Trichomonas:
- Often asymptomatic, linked to higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
- Symptoms may include foul-smelling discharge, burning, and itching when present.
HIV and Hepatitis Viruses:
- Untreated HIV and chronic HBV, HCV infections worsen health and spread.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV):
- Some HPV types increase cervical cancer risk; linked to throat and anal cancers.
- Vaccination prevents certain HPV infections.
Primary and Secondary Syphilis:
- Syphilis has two stages: primary (sores on mouth, genitals, anus) and secondary (rash, flu-like symptoms).
- Both primary and secondary syphilis are curable, but untreated secondary syphilis can progress to an incurable tertiary stage with severe organ damage and other complications.
Women can enhance their protection by engaging in safer sexual practices, undergoing STD testing through their healthcare provider, and promptly seeking treatment if diagnosed. It's advisable to encourage partners to get tested and treated to prevent reinfection. Individuals who are sexually active should access accurate information about STD prevention to make well-informed choices. Consult your healthcare provider to determine if STD screening is necessary for you.
Learn more by talking to a provider at Arizonas Women's Specialists.
Author
Hetal C Shah, MD
Meet Dr. Hetal C Shah, a highly experienced male OB/GYN doctor with 30+ years of experience in women's healthcare. A graduate of the University of Arizona, Dr. Shah is known for his exceptional bedside manner, personalized approach to care, and commitment to improving the lives of his patients. He has extensive experience in diagnosing and treating gynecological and obstetric conditions, and regularly participates in professional development opportunities to stay up-to-date with the latest advancements in the field. With three decades of experience as an OB/GYN doctor, Dr. Shah is a trusted provider who has earned the respect of his patients and colleagues alike.
